Impact of thidiazuron on floral induction, yield and fruit quality of Malus domestica Borkh.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v17i4.4086Keywords:
bud break promoters, flower bud break, inflorescence, TDZAbstract
In the Northeastern Sierra of Puebla, the ‘Criolla’ apple has remained in production; however, the cultivar cannot compete in markets with commercial cultivars, and its production has decreased due to climate change. With the aim of increasing the percentage of flower bud break and the production in apple trees of the ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Criolla’ cultivars, applications of the bud break promoter thidiazuron (TDZ) were carried out in Mexcalcuautla, Teziutlán, Puebla, during the 2022 and 2023 cycles. The trees received 400 and 600 ppm TDZ; a 2x3 split-strip arrangement was used, limited to six treatments in a randomized block experimental design; flower and vegetative bud break, inflorescence, fruit set, yield and physical and biochemical aspects of fruit were evaluated. Statistical analyses indicated that ‘Golden Delicious’ apples with 400 ppm TDZ presented higher flower bud break and yield. The physical quality of the fruits was better in ‘Golden Delicious’ with 400 ppm TDZ and ‘Criolla’ without TDZ since their fruits had a greater weight; in terms of the size and respiration rate of the apples, there were no differences between the treatments; nevertheless, firmness was higher in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples with 400 ppm TDZ than in the other treatments. The content of malic acid, ascorbic acid, pH, total soluble sugar content and starches were not affected by TDZ applications. It was concluded that applying TDZ at 400 ppm increased the percentage of flower bud break in ‘Golden Delicious’ apples and did not harm the physical and biochemical quality of the fruits.
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