Logistical analysis of avocado distribution in the Mexican market: a linear programming approach

Abstract

Fresh avocado consumption has increased in recent years, and Mexico has a supply deficit, which forces surplus states to redistribute their volumes to deficit markets. Because it is a perishable good, its distribution must be carried out efficiently, minimizing transportation times. This study develops a comprehensive methodology using the Simplex Method to plan the marketing of fresh avocados within the context of a trade balance for a closed market in 2022. Using information on production, population and fruit exports, modeling seeks to optimize the allocation of surplus product to deficit markets while minimizing logistical transportation costs. The proposed model analyzes routes and recommends the optimal quantities to be sent to each demanding market annually, in order to balance avocado supply and demand, thereby ensuring timely availability at the points of final consumption. The model determined a surplus supply of more than 1 110 000 t; the states of Jalisco, Michoacán, Morelos and Nayarit would supply demanding states, based on the transportation costs that optimize their distribution.