Determination of the phytochemical quality and botanical origin of bee honey in La Comarca Lagunera
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v17i4.4099Keywords:
antioxidants, nutraceuticals, phenolic compoundsAbstract
This study aimed to determine the phytochemical quality and botanical origin of bee honey in four municipalities of La Comarca Lagunera, Mexico. The municipalities of Torreón and Francisco I. Madero in the state of Coahuila, and Gómez Palacio and Lerdo in the state of Durango were considered in fixed beekeeping. Variables such as moisture, total soluble solids, color, pH, total phenolic compounds and total flavonoids were analyzed during the spring and summer harvesting seasons. The results indicated significant seasonal differences in moisture, total soluble solids and color, with higher moisture content and darker tonality in the summer season, which are associated with floral diversity and specific climatic conditions. The pH remained stable between seasons. Total phenolic compounds increased significantly in the summer season, whereas total flavonoids remained constant, suggesting that their concentration is less sensitive to seasonal changes. The mellisopalynological analysis revealed that the spring honey was monofloral, from mesquite (Prosopis juliflora) flowers, whereas the summer honey was multifloral, reflecting a greater diversity of nectariferous sources. The positive relationship between color and phenolic compounds and flavonoids indicates that darker honeys have greater chemical complexity and putatively, greater antioxidant potential.
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