Urea (NBPT) an alternative in the nitrogen fertilization of annual crops
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i8.1732Keywords:
coated fertilizers, urea hydrolysis, ureaseAbstract
Nitrogen fertilizers are necessary, because thanks to them, crop production is improved. After water and temperature, it is considered as the third most important factor in the production of plant-based foods. Urea as a fertilizer, has the advantage of providing a high nitrogen content (46%), which is essential in the metabolism of the plant. The biggest disadvantage is the loss of nitrogen (N) in the form of ammonia gas (NH3), coming from its decomposition when applied to the soil. Slow-release urea is used to reduce volatilization losses after the hydrolysis phase and by leaching after ammonium nitrification. To reduce volatilization losses and maintain an adequate availability of N in the soil, different agronomic management strategies have been evaluated. The triamide N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric (NBPT), urease inhibitor, temporarily prevents the enzymatic degradation of urease and minimizes the loss by volatilization of NH3, thereby increasing the absorption of N from fertilizer by the crop. The study was carried out during 2018. The paper elaborated addresses the role of N in cultivated plants, some ecological implications, the use of urea and especially a compilation of the characteristics of NBPT urea and of the most relevant research on the use of this fertilizer and its impact on increasing yield in annual crops.
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