Yellow maize grain of early season varieties’ productivity for the Highlands
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v3i7.1347Keywords:
Zea mays L., open-pollinated varieties, seed production, yellow grainAbstract
Mexico imports annually ten million tons of yellow maize grain; making necessary to increase its production. The use of improved varieties is a key element to achieve competitive levels of production. One option to meet this demand and lessen the difficulties by boundary conditions of rainfed is the varieties of yellow grain of short cycle, whose availability is limited in the Highlands. At the School of Advanced Studies Cuautitlán, of the National Autonomous University of Mexico and the National Research Institute for Forestry, Agriculture and Livestock, varieties of yellow maize of early season cycle have been generated. In recent years yellow grain varieties have been promoted at both institutions (Oro Ultra C, Oro Plus D and V-53 A, V-54 A, V-55 A), the latter two already recorded in the National Catalogue of Plant Varieties (CNVV). In this study, 8 varieties were evaluated comparing them with a commercial control in three experiments, two in the CEVAMEX, with different planting dates. In the CEVAMEX, the planting date 1, had the best yield obtained (6 070 kg ha-1), statistically similar to the average return of the FESC-UNAM (5 553 kg ha-1), both cases planting in the second half of June, but statistically different to the average in CEVAMEX, planting date 2, in the first half of July (3 493 kg ha-1). The varieties V-53 A, V-54 A, Oro Ultra 3 C and V-55 A, showed on average the best yields (6 157 kg-1, 6 112 kg ha-1, 5 843 kg ha-1 and, 5 405 kg ha-1, respectively), statistically superior to Amarillo Zanahoria.
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