Impact of cover, ecotype and endomycorrhizae on morphology and quality of piquin chili

Abstract

The research was carried out with piquin chili ecotypes from the states of Coahuila, Nuevo León and Zacatecas. Piquin chili plants were evaluated in its second year of production. Two environments were used: a) macro tunnels of white mesh, red, blue, black raschel type with 30% shade; and b) open field with 100% light transmission. 50 spores of a conglomerate of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices, Sclerocystis coremioides and Gigaspora albida) were inoculated directly to the radical system. A factorial arrangement 5 x 6 x 2 (cover, ecotypes and mycorrhizae) was used and its distribution corresponded to a random block design with four repetitions. The yield and some morphological characteristics of the plant were evaluated such as plant height (AP), stem diameter (DT), root length (LR), fresh plant weight (PFP), dry weight of the plant (PSP), fresh root weight (PFR), dry root weight (PSR), yield per plant (RPP). The results indicate that the white mesh favored the morphological characteristics of the plant with agronomics with 320% AP, 322.7% DT, 235.8% LR, 8 times PFP, 8.5 times PSP, 327.2% PFR, 5 times PSR, 6.8 times PTR, compared to plants developed in open field. In addition, the quality of piquin chili provides conditions for the development of endomycorrhizae (spores and percentage of colonization). Blue mesh with the lowest photosynthetically active radiation (RFA) positively influenced agronomic, quality variables and inoculation (number of spores and percentage of colonization). The ecotype that influenced SST, Vit C, phenols and NE was SNL and RTZ in agronomic variables and % colonization. The inoculation with the mycorrhizae consortium improved the agronomic characteristics and quality of the piquin chili fruit.