RB-Huasteco, grain sorghum for areas under rainfed and irrigated conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i7.1119Keywords:
disease tolerance, moisture and yieldAbstract
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is grown in 29 states in Mexico at 1.95 million hectares (SIAP, 2013), projecting the State of Tamaulipas with 48.1% of the area, followed by Guanajuato, Sinaloa, Michoacán and Nayarit, with 13.3, 12.9, 6.2 and 3.2%, respectively. In Tamaulipas production of 2.5 million tons, which is equivalent to 42% of the national total (SIAP, 2013) is obtained. However, the problem of drought caused by low rainfall and uneven distribution of rainfall is very important because 75% of the area planted to sorghum is grown under rainfed conditions and planted in irrigated areas has limited supply of water. Compounding this problem, there is the presence of diseases that attack sorghum, among which are the Charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, the head smut caused by Sporisorium reilianum (Khun) Langdon & Fullerton. Another relevant aspect of the culture is its low cost, because input costs have increased, the seed being one of the most inputs have risen in price in recent years because it is imported from abroad mostly. One way to solve this problem is by obtaining more efficient plants in the use of available soil moisture and essential elements for development, and the reduction in the cost of seed. As part of this strategy, the INIFAP has developed sorghum genotypes that are adapted to the growing conditions of Tamaulipas, also presenting tolerance to common diseases. Within these genotypes is the RB-Huasteco, material released in 2010, which presents certain features to address the effects of climate change on the Tamaulipeco area.
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