Radiosensitivity of buds and effect of gamma radiation (Co60) in sugar cane variety Mayarí 55-14
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v17i5.4123Keywords:
Saccharum officinarum, induced mutagenesis, genetic variationAbstract
Sugarcane is an important grass because it produces sucrose, which is used as a raw material in numerous industrial and agrifood processes. Gamma-ray-induced mutagenesis has proven to be an efficient alternative method for obtaining plant varieties with desirable characteristics in a short time, so knowing the radiosensitivity of genotypes is a crucial step. The objective was to determine the radiosensitivity curve in sugarcane buds and plants of the Mayarí 55-14 variety with gamma radiation to induce variation. A total of 10 radiation treatments, ranging from 0 to 90 Gy, were established, with 100 buds per treatment. The buds were irradiated at the National Institute for Nuclear Research during 2022. Later, the buds were planted at the Higher Technological Institute of Los Reyes. The median lethal dose and the median growth reduction were analyzed by regression, yielding 50.16 and 51.25 Gy, respectively. Starting at 60 Gy, radiation significantly reduced shoot emergence and survival. In variables such as stem thickness, plant height, number of leaves, and number of tillers, there was a reduction between 30 and 70 Gy, according to the analysis of variance and Tukey’s test (p≤ 0.05). It is suggested to irradiate buds of the Mayarí 55-14 variety with doses between 40 and 60 Gy to cause variation and detect possible outstanding mutants with traits of interest.
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