Stability and adaptation of the yield and quality of tortillas in Tuxpeño corn, High-Valleys
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i8.1851Keywords:
Zea mays L., GGE biplot, nixtamal quality, regression sites, visual mass selectionAbstract
The V-520C variety of corn (Zea mays L.) belongs to the Tuxpeño breed, is native to Veracruz (500 meters above sea level) and was adapted to the High Valleys of Mexico (>2 200 masl) with recurrent visual mass selection (SMV) for 19 cycles The objective was to evaluate the stability and adaptation of the original V-520C (C0) and the adapted materials cycle 14 (C14) and cycle 19 (C19) for grain yield and tortilla quality through regression sites (SREG). Between 2013 and 2014, three C0, C14 and C19 genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The evaluations were carried out in the State of Mexico and Veracruz with three experiments per entity. The analysis of variance detected significance (p≤ 0.01) between environments, genotypes and the genotype-environment interaction and in the first two Main Components for the six variables. SREG indicates that C19 had better adaptation and stability for grain yield (3.54 t ha-1), tortilla moisture at 24 h (42.72%), cold tortilla yield (1.44 kg kg-1 corn) and a reduced force for break the tortilla (193 gf). The SMV produced favorable changes to C19, which presented the best stability and adaptation in the High Valleys of Mexico. Being the Montecillo 2014-S-S environment, the one that discriminated between genotypes and the best mega-environment in the variables studied. All genotypes and environments, with the exception of Tepetates 2014-A-W and Coatlinchan 2014-S-S, met the parameters required by the NMX-034/1 standard for corn destined for the nixtamalization process.
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