Effect of the endocarp on the emergence kinetics and uniformity of coffee trees
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v17i6.4202Keywords:
genotype, germination, parchment, seed, seedlingAbstract
The physical quality of coffee seeds is key to producing seedlings, especially under uncontrolled edaphoclimatic conditions, where the endocarp acts as a barrier that delays emergence and makes it irregular. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the endocarp on the emergence kinetics and uniformity of seedlings of six coffee genotypes under seedbed conditions in Oxapampa, Pasco, Peru, between May and August 2025. Six coffee genotypes and two conditions (with and without endocarp) were evaluated. The design was completely randomized with a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement and two blocks. Seedling emergence percentage, time, speed and index were evaluated. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance, simple effects and Tukey’s test (p≤ 0.05). The genotype × endocarp interaction was significant for PE, MET, MES and ESI. Endocarp removal increased the percentage and speed of emergence and reduced the mean emergence time in all genotypes. Obata Amarillo, Marsellesa, Cuscatleco and Catigua recorded the highest percentages of emergence (92.19-96.88%), while Marsellesa exhibited the fastest emergence (87.2 days) and the highest speed of emergence (1.29 seedlings day-1). ESI showed a differential response according to genotype. The research revealed that removing the endocarp improves kinetics by reducing emergence time and enhances seedling emergence uniformity.
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