EVALUATION OF EAR ROT IN HYBRID MAIZE IN HIGH VALLEYS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v2i6.1565Keywords:
Fusarium sp., planting date, yield, weighted severityAbstract
In 2010, the ear rot severity and yield of 21 commercial hybrids at two locations and sowing dates were assessed (Santa Lucía de Prías, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, Estado de Mexico and San Luis Huamantla, Tlaxcala). In order to measure the ear rot severity, a severity scale was used. Seed samples with different degrees of rot severity were analyzed to determine the species of Fusarium fungi. An analysis of variance and separation of means were performed to identify the outstanding hybrid in yield and with less severity. Significant differences (p< 0.001) were found for yield and severity in the two studied localities. In St. Lucía, the outstanding hybrids in both sowing dates were HGVC-2 and Prospecto 4, with an average yield of 10.36 and 10.28 t ha-1 respectively and weighted severity of 8.99 and 15.16% respectively. In San Luis Huamantla, the yield wassignificant(p<0.0022),thehybridsthathadthehighest yield were HP-1, Prospecto 4 and H-52 (10.27, 10.07 and 9.93 t ha-1, respectively), regarding to calculate the severity of hybrid Prospect 1, showing a weighted severity of 13%. The Fusarium species associated with ear rot, isolated from seeds with different severity degrees, were: Fusarium verticilloides, F. subglutinans, F. proliferatum, F. oxysporum and Cephalosporium sp.
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