Brosimum alicastrum: sexing, flower, seed production and growth regulators

Authors

  • Rubén San Miguel-Chávez Posgrado en Botánica-Colegio de Posgraduados. Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. CP. 56230. Tel. 58 045900, ext. 1370
  • Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández Posgrado en Botánica-Colegio de Posgraduados. Carretera México-Texcoco km 36.5, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. CP. 56230. Tel. 58 045900, ext. 1370
  • Silvia Vergara-Yoisura Recursos Naturales-Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán. Calle 43 núm. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán. CP. 97205. Tel. 999 9428330, ext. 169
  • Nina del Rocío Martínez-Ruiz Departamento de Ciencias Químico-Biológicas-Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas-Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez. Anillo Envolvente del Pronaf y Estocolmo s/n, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua. CP. 32310. Tel. 656 6881800
  • Cesar Tucuch-Haas Tecnológico Nacional de México/ITS del Sur del Estado de Yucatán. Carretera Muna-Felipe Carrillo Puerto Tramo Oxkutzcab-Akíl km. 41+400, 97880, Oxkutzcab, Yucatán, México
  • Alfonso Larqué-Saavedra Recursos Naturales-Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán. Calle 43 núm. 130, Chuburná de Hidalgo, Mérida, Yucatán. CP. 97205. Tel. 999 9428330, ext. 169

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i4.3060

Keywords:

cytokinins, gibberellic acid, sexual expression, trees

Abstract

Brosimum alicastrum Swarts (known locally as ramón) is a tropical forest species with importance for the food sector; therefore, studying its physio-technical characteristics is essential. The sex ratio was determined in three adult populations of the state of Yucatán, Mexico. The first plantation comprised a total of 312 individuals, 208 males and 104 females: the second, 45 male and 29 female trees (74 trees) and the third, 41 males and 29 females (70 trees). On average, 64% of the trees were male and 34% female. In a separate plantation (50 trees) established ad hoc, 30% of the trees began to produce flowers 7 years after transplantation, 38% did so after 8 years, 28% at nine years and 4% at 10 years, 33 (66%) of the trees were males and 17 (34%) females. The experiment lasted from 2009 to 2019 and no sex changes were recorded during this time. The average seed production of adult trees was 145.6 kg tree-1 year-1. A parallel experiment was conducted to monitor retention of leaves, they remained in the crown for more than 40 months (1 217 days). Additionally, the content of plant growth regulators that could be used as molecular markers to select females was measured. Female trees showed higher content of gibberellic acid and cytokinins than male trees. The difference in cytokinin content between the sexes reached 500%. The relevance of these results for the establishment of commercial plantations is discussed.

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Published

2023-06-19

How to Cite

Miguel-Chávez, Rubén San, Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández, Silvia Vergara-Yoisura, Nina del Rocío Martínez-Ruiz, Cesar Tucuch-Haas, and Alfonso Larqué-Saavedra. 2023. “Brosimum Alicastrum: Sexing, Flower, Seed Production and Growth Regulators”. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Agrícolas 14 (4). México, ME:591-602. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v14i4.3060.

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Vol. 14 No. 4 (2023)

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