Genetic improvement of oats in Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i25.2808Keywords:
Avena sativa L., plant breeding, varietiesAbstract
With the creation of the National
Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA), genetic improvement of oats begins in Mexico in the now E xperimental Field Valle de México (CEVAMEX). It began
with the introduction of germplasm from the USA and Canada, in 1962 the first crosses were made and in 1967 varieties (Chihuahua and Cuauhtémoc) were released. In the 60s to 80s segregation rotation in various environments was implemented , obtaining two selection cycles per year, the gravimetric mas s selection method and the establishment of performance t rials in contrasting environments. Currently the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research (INIFAP CEVAMEX) turns 61 and has released 33 varieties (18 as INIFAP). From
1985 to 2019 the s own area of oats has increased from approximately 400 000 to 900 000 ha, due to the productivity of the current varieties, re cently Turqu esa’ stan ds out, which has exceeded 8 t ha 1 of grain under rainfed conditions, and that in the last 12 years has been sown in 540 000 ha, whic h produced a profit of $1 350 The challenges in the s hort, medium and long term are to incr ease production in rainfed environment , strengthen research in genetic control of stem rust, drought tolerance and nutritional quality of grain, and sow varieties with high nutritional value for human consumption.
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