Trichoderma harzianum antagonism against chickpea fusariosis and its biofertilizing effect
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v11i5.2325Keywords:
crop growth, grain yield, mycoparasitismAbstract
Chickpea is a legume, which is grown in two regions of Mexico mainly, Northwest (Sonora, Sinaloa and Baja California) and El Bajío region (Guanajuato, Michoacán and Jalisco); however, each year the production of the culture is compromised with vascular fusariosis, one of the main diseases that affect the culture and that is associated with the fungal complex Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Sclerotium rolfsii. An alternative of biological control is the application of Trichoderma, which also has an indirect effect on the nutrition of the plant. The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro antagonism of two strains of Trichoderma harzianum (T1 and T2) and its effect as a biofertilizer. In vitro confrontations were carried out against strains of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris (Foc 0, 1B/C, 5 and 6), Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina (M-Sonora and M-GTO) and Sclerotium rolfsii. The effect of T2 as a biofertilizer (TB) was evaluated by measuring the variables: number of flowers, pods, plant height, stem diameter, root length and grain yield. The two strains of T. harzianum showed antagonism on different scales against pathogens. Additionally, with the treatment where T. harzianum (TB) was applied, there were increases in the number of flowers (30%), pods (24%), height (3%), plant diameter (3.5%), as well as root length (13%) and grain yield (23%).
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