Genotype-environment interaction, stability of yield and grain quality in tuxpeño maize
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v8i5.106Keywords:
Zea mays L., adaptation, AMMI model, doug-htortilla industry, visual mass selectionAbstract
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an essential component of the Mexican diet, with an average of 120 kg per capita consumption. The Tuxpeño breed has stood out for its high yield and its wide adaptation so that once adapted to temperate climate it is necessary to evaluate the quality of its grains with the parameters of the processing industries. In this research the effect of the genotype*environment interaction on yield and physical characteristics of the grain of 14th and 19th cycles of Tuxpeño maize adapted by mass visual selection (SMV) in the Valles Altos of Mexico was studied. In the 2013 and 2014 years, the original population ‘C0’ and the cycles ‘C14’ and ‘C19’ of SMV were evaluated, both in its original environment, moist tropics in the State of Veracruz, and in its selection environment, temperate subhumid in the State of Mexico. The evaluated characteristics were: grain yield (REN), flotation index (IF), hectolitric weight (PH), pedicel, pericarp and grain germ. The data were analyzed with the AMMI model (main additive effects and multiplicative interactions). The results indicate that selection for adaptation, crop conditions and the effect of the environment during its development favorably modified the REN and some of the grain quality characteristics of the genotypes. Montecillo 2013-PV and 2014 PV the best yield was recorded (3.5 t ha-1), outstanding ‘C19’ due to its stability, hard endosperm grains (<IF) and higher pH.
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