Genetic improvement in wheat carried out by INIFAP from 1985 to 2020

Authors

  • Héctor Eduardo Villaseñor Mir Campo Experimental Valle de México-INIFAP. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km 13.5, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, México. CP. 56250
  • Julio Huerta Espino Campo Experimental Valle de México-INIFAP. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km 13.5, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, México. CP. 56250
  • Ernesto Solís Moya Campo Experimental Bajío-INIFAP. Carretera Celaya-San Miguel de Allende km 6.5, Celaya, Guanajuato
  • María Florencia Rodríguez García Campo Experimental Valle de México-INIFAP. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km 13.5, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, México. CP. 56250
  • Eliel Martínez Cruz Campo Experimental Valle de México-INIFAP. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km 13.5, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, México. CP. 56250
  • Eduardo Espitia Rangel Campo Experimental Valle de México-INIFAP. Carretera Los Reyes-Texcoco km 13.5, Coatlinchán, Texcoco, México. CP. 56250

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i25.2809

Keywords:

Triticum aestivum L., achievements in genetic improvement, future requirements

Abstract

In Mexico, Genetic improvement made in wheat began in 1944, at the now-called Experimental Field Valle de México, under the command of Dr. Norman E. Borlaug. His research originated the first varieties in 1948, which in the 1950s showed resistance to stem rust and in 1960s reduced plant size and generated varieties that, when sown in Africa, India and Pakistan, launched the ‘Green Revolution’, impacts that awarded Dr. Borlaug with the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1974 three cross breeding and selection programs were differentiated: Northwest, Bajío and the rainfed, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center has greater action in the Northwest but supports Bajío and the rainfed. With the creation of the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research, they continued their mission to release varieties. Work with andro-sterility began in 1993 and in 2000 a dominant andro-sterile mutant (Oly) was obtained, which has allowed population improvement. Until 2020, 76 years have passed, and 154 generations of recombination have been obtained, ranking the national program among the most dynamic in the world, with the contribution of more than 250 varieties: 140 released by INIFAP, which have been the basis of domestic production, with Cirno C2008 standing out, sown in more than 1.5 million hectares, which generates additional revenue of $6 700 million. The short-term challenges are to increase the production of grain under irrigation conditions and strengthen research for disease control, greater efficiency in water use, drought and heat tolerance and a better quality in grain; in the medium term, control of rusts and increase planting under reduced irrigation; in the long term, increase the rainfed-sown area, reduce losses due to foliar diseases, droughts and heat and release varieties with better nutritional quality.

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References

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Published

2021-11-09

How to Cite

Villaseñor Mir, Héctor Eduardo, Julio Huerta Espino, Ernesto Solís Moya, María Florencia Rodríguez García, Eliel Martínez Cruz, and Eduardo Espitia Rangel. 2021. “Genetic Improvement in Wheat Carried Out by INIFAP from 1985 to 2020”. Revista Mexicana De Ciencias Agrícolas 12 (25). México, ME:27-31. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i25.2809.

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