Plant densities and fertilization doses in the cultivation of amaranth
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i5.2769Keywords:
Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., conventional direct sowing system, technical itineraryAbstract
The objective of this research was to evaluate the response of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. race Mercado to plant density and fertilization doses in the variables: yield, plant height, stem diameter, panicle size, and index of plants with lodging. The study factors were: planting density (D) (156 250, 208 333 and 260 417 plants ha-1), nitrogen levels (40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), potassium levels (zero and 20 kg ha-1) and application of 40 kg ha-1 of phosphorus as a constant. The arrangement of treatments consisted of a 3x3x2 factorial in an experimental design of completely random blocks with four repetitions and 18 treatments. The experiment was conducted in the 2017 and 2018 cultivation cycles in Tochimilco, Puebla, Mexico. The cultivation practices were carried out according to the technical itinerary of the conventional direct sowing system, which consists of placing in each sowing hole a variable number of seeds to ensure that in each hole several plants grow and then perform a thinning, in which the smallest plants are uprooted and three, four or five plants are left in each sowing hole depending on the experience of each farmer. The results show highly significant differences (p< 0.01) in yield, plant height, length and width of panicle by individual effects and interactions of D, N*K and N*K*D. It was concluded that the decision made by producers to leave three, four or five plants per sowing hole is a decisive decision in the production of amaranth.
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