Characterization of creole genotypes of tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) and common (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under rainfed

Abstract

Mexico is considered a primary center of diversity of cultivated species, including common and tepary beans. Theobjectivewastoidentifycreolevarietiesofthespecies mentioned with outstanding agronomic characteristics for use in genetic improvement of common bean. From a group of materials collected in Chihuahua, Durango and Sonora, 11 genotypes were selected as contrasting grain size, earliness and yield. Were evaluated during 2010 and 2011 under rainfed conditions in Bachiniva, Chihuahua (28° 47’ 19.32”, north latitude, 107° 16’ 11.64” west longitude, 2012 meters above sea level), nine genotypes of common bean and two tepary bean were compared with the dominant variety, Pinto Saltillo. A completely randomized block with four replications was used. A fertilization dose of 30-50-00 NPK was incorporated into the soil at planting. In 2010, the common bean genotype 'Yellow Guachochi' had the highest yield with 1 599 kg ha-1, 25.4% more than Pinto Saltillo. The brown tepary bean, despite its low weight of 100 seeds, it was among the top producers in 2010, showing a yield potential similar to the control. In 2011 the conditions were extremely dry, so the genotype Rosa La Bufa with 376 kg ha-1 had the highest yield. Through years, Pinto Saltillo was the most stable in grain weight, which in 2011 was reduced by less than 1% compared to 2010, also the two tepary bean genotypes showed the same grain weight in both years. There were identified common bean genotypes of increased earliness, yield potential and grain size than the control that could be used in breeding.