Textile sludge effectiveness on the production and chemical composition of tomato fruit
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v4i1.1264Keywords:
fertilizer, biosolids, industrial waste, cadmium, nickelAbstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of textile sludge applied on a substrate of peat moss and perlite on production and chemical composition of tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum). The sludge was characterized with the NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002 and NOM-021- 2000-RECNAT. Tomato of the variety Río Grande was transplanted into 14 liter plastic-pots with peat moss and perlite (70:30 by volume) in which was added and mixed textile sludge in concentrations of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% based on the volume. Nutrition was made with the Steiner solution. The sludge showed characteristics suitable for agricultural use by NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002. Fruit production was not modified by the application of textile sludge. The concentration of mineral elements in the fruits increased by 0.14% for Na and 15 and 223 mg kg-1 for Zn and Fe, respectively. On the other hand, K decreased by 0.58% as well as for Mn with a value smaller of 22 mg kg-1. The content of N, P, Ca, Mg and Cu showed no significant changes at all. The pH of the fruits do not vary by effect of the treatments, while vitamin C and total soluble solids showed an increase up to 36% and 52%, respectively, in the sludge treatments an effect attributed to the contribution of the sludge ́s soluble salts. There was no evidence of transferring of heavy metals and fecal coliform of the textile sludge to the fruits beyond those permitted by the environmental and health standards. However, we detected the presence of helminth eggs in higher values than those allowed by the standard in the fruits of plants treated with the highest concentration of sludge.
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