Testing the effect of chipilín extract and pyrrolizidine alkaloid in liquid diets on Bactericera cockerelli
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v16i8.3920Keywords:
Crotalaria longirostrata, feeding bioassays, pyrrolizidine alkaloid, tomato psyllidAbstract
Bactericera cockerelli is one of the most economically important and destructive pests in crops of the nightshade family, where chemical control has been the primary management strategy. The use of botanical extracts is a biorational alternative for managing this pest. The insecticidal activity of the genus Crotalaria is attributed to the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and pyrrolizidine alkaloids. This study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal effect of C. longirostrata extract and the fraction of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid (1β,2β-Epoxy-1α-methoxymethyl-8α-pyrrolizidine) on B. cockerelli by supplying liquid diets. The feeding bioassays using liquid diets were conducted in the Toxicology Laboratory of the Antonio Narro Autonomous Agrarian University. A liquid diet supplemented with 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg ml-1 of the methanolic extract of C. longirostrata and the fractionate of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid was implemented in plastic feeding chambers, where mortality was evaluated under a completely randomized design. The LC50 was determined for the 1β,2β-Epoxy-1α-methoxymethyl-8α-pyrrolizidine fraction and the methanolic extract of chipilín, obtaining a mortality in the methanolic extract between 42 and 78%, while the fraction of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid registered a mortality of 68-91%; the latter was the one that presented the lower LC50. The methanolic extract of chipilín and the fraction of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid showed insecticidal activity in liquid diets, demonstrating efficiency for their use in controlling B. cockerelli.
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