Genetic improvement in wheat carried out by INIFAP from 1985 to 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v12i25.2809Keywords:
Triticum aestivum L., achievements in genetic improvement, future requirementsAbstract
In Mexico, Genetic improvement made in wheat began in 1944, at the now-called Experimental Field Valle de México, under the command of Dr. Norman E. Borlaug. His research originated the first varieties in 1948, which in the 1950s showed resistance to stem rust and in 1960s reduced plant size and generated varieties that, when sown in Africa, India and Pakistan, launched the ‘Green Revolution’, impacts that awarded Dr. Borlaug with the Nobel Peace Prize. In 1974 three cross breeding and selection programs were differentiated: Northwest, Bajío and the rainfed, the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center has greater action in the Northwest but supports Bajío and the rainfed. With the creation of the National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research, they continued their mission to release varieties. Work with andro-sterility began in 1993 and in 2000 a dominant andro-sterile mutant (Oly) was obtained, which has allowed population improvement. Until 2020, 76 years have passed, and 154 generations of recombination have been obtained, ranking the national program among the most dynamic in the world, with the contribution of more than 250 varieties: 140 released by INIFAP, which have been the basis of domestic production, with Cirno C2008 standing out, sown in more than 1.5 million hectares, which generates additional revenue of $6 700 million. The short-term challenges are to increase the production of grain under irrigation conditions and strengthen research for disease control, greater efficiency in water use, drought and heat tolerance and a better quality in grain; in the medium term, control of rusts and increase planting under reduced irrigation; in the long term, increase the rainfed-sown area, reduce losses due to foliar diseases, droughts and heat and release varieties with better nutritional quality.
Downloads
References
Borlaug, N. E. 1969. Mejoramiento de trigo, su impacto en el abastecimiento mundial de alimentos. Sobretiro No. 2. Centro Internacional de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT). El Batán, Texcoco. Estado de México. 40 p.
FAO. 2020. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Crops. Rome, Italy. http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.
Huerta-Espino, J. y Singh, R. 2000. Las royas del trigo. In: el trigo de temporal en México. Villaseñor, M. H. E. y Espitia, E. (Ed.). Chapingo, Estado de México, México, SAGAR, INIFAP, Campo Experimental Valle de México. Libro técnico núm. 1. 231-251 pp.
Huerta-Espino, J.; Singh, R.; Crespo-Herrera, L. A.; Villaseñor-Mir, H. E. Rodríguez-García, M. F.; Dreisigacher, S.; Barcenas-Santana, D. and Lagudah E. 2020. Adult plant slow rusting genes confer high levels of resistance to rust in bread wheat cultivars from Mexico. 11:824. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00824.
Juliana, P.; Singh, R. P.; Huerta-Espino, J.; Bhavani, S.; Randhawa, M. S.; Kumar, U.; Joshi, A. K.; Bhati, P. K.; Villaseñor, M. H. E.; Mishra, Ch. N. and Singh, G. P. 2020. Genome-wide mapping and allelic fingerprinting provide insights into the genetics of resistance to wheat stripe rust in India, Kenya and Mexico. Sci. Rep. 10:10908. https://doi.org/10.1038/ s41598-020-67874-x.
Paquini-Rodríguez, S. L.; Benítez-Riquelme, I.; Villaseñor-Mir, H. E.; Muñoz-Orozco, A. y Vaquera-Huerta, H. 2016. Incremento en el rendimiento y sus components bajo riego normal y restringido de variedades mexicanas de trigo. Rev. Fitotec. Mex. 39(4):367-378.
Rajaram, S. 1995. Wheat germoplasm improvement: historical perspectives, philosophy, objectives, and missions. In: wheat breeding at CIMMYT: commemorating 50 years of research in Mexico for global wheat improvement. Rajaram, S. G. and Hettel P. (Ed.). Wheat Special Report No. 29. México, DF. Centro Internacional de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT). 1-10 pp.
Rajaram, S.; Singh, R. P. and Torres, E. 1988. Current CIMMYT approaches in breeding wheat for rust resistance. In: breeding strategies for resistance to the rust of wheat. Simmonds, N. W. Rajaram, S. (Ed.). México, DF. Centro Internacional de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT). 101-118 pp.
SIAP. 2019. Servicio de Información Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. Producción Agroalimentaria y Pesquera. https://www.gob.mx/siap/.
Villarreal, R. L. 1995. Expanding the genetic base of CIMMYT bread wheat germoplasm. In: wheat breeding at CIMMYT: commemorating 50 years of research in Mexico for global wheat improvement. Rajaram, S. and Hettel, G. P. (Ed.). Wheat Special Report No. 29. México, DF. Centro Internacional de Maíz y Trigo (CIMMYT). 16-21 pp.
Villaseñor, M, H. E.; Castillo, G. F.; Espitia, R. E.; Rajaram, S. y Molina, G. J. D. 2002. Perspectivas del uso de la androesterilidad en el mejoramiento por selección recurrente de trigo en México. Rev. Fitotec. Mex. 25(3):321-326.
Villaseñor, M. H. E.; Huerta, E. J.; Pérez, H. P.; Rodríguez, G. M. F.; Martínez, C. E.; Hortelano, S. R. R. y Espitia, R. E. 2009. La investigación de trigo en el Campo Experimental Valle de México: historia y aportaciones. Reseña histórica 66 años al servicio de México 1943-2009. Pub. Esp. 1:29-31.
Villaseñor, M. H. E.; Hortelano, S. R. R.; Martínez, C. E.; Huerta, E. J.; García, L. E. y Espitia, R. E. 2015. Uso de la androesterilidad genética masculina en la reconversión de genotipos para realizar selección recurrente en trigo. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc. Pub. Esp. 11:2177-2182. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i11.795
Villaseñor, M. H. E. 2015. Sistema de mejoramiento genético de trigo en México. Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc. Pub. Esp. 11:2183-2189. DOI: https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v0i11.796
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
The authors who publish in Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas accept the following conditions:
In accordance with copyright laws, Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas recognizes and respects the authors’ moral right and ownership of property rights which will be transferred to the journal for dissemination in open access. Invariably, all the authors have to sign a letter of transfer of property rights and of originality of the article to Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP) [National Institute of Forestry, Agricultural and Livestock Research]. The author(s) must pay a fee for the reception of articles before proceeding to editorial review.
All the texts published by Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas —with no exception— are distributed under a Creative Commons License Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0), which allows third parties to use the publication as long as the work’s authorship and its first publication in this journal are mentioned.
The author(s) can enter into independent and additional contractual agreements for the nonexclusive distribution of the version of the article published in Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas (for example include it into an institutional repository or publish it in a book) as long as it is clearly and explicitly indicated that the work was published for the first time in Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas.
For all the above, the authors shall send the Letter-transfer of Property Rights for the first publication duly filled in and signed by the author(s). This form must be sent as a PDF file to: revista_atm@yahoo.com.mx; cienciasagricola@inifap.gob.mx; remexca2017@gmail.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 International license.
