Yield and reaction to diseases of bean genotypes under rainfed conditions and residual moisture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v3i4.1426Keywords:
Phaseolus vulgaris L., environment, fungus, productivity, varieties, virusAbstract
In Chiapas, Veracruz and Puebla, diseases are one of the main factors that reduce the yield of beans. The objectives were to determine the productive performance of black bean genotypes in rainfed and residual moisture and, their reaction to disease. In 2008, a trial was made in Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, Orizaba, Veracruz and Tecamachalco, Puebla, in rainfed conditions and, in Medellín de Bravo and San Andrés Tuxtla, Veracruz, with residual moisture. 11 varieties and five lines were evaluated, in lattice design 4 x 4 with four replications. In field, the reaction was quantified to the common mosaic virus, angular leaf spot, rust and anthracnose, with a scale of 1 to 9 of CIAT and grain yield in kilograms per hectare.An analysis of variance was performed for each disease, which were correlated with grain yield, as well as combined analysis of genotypes yield for moisture condition and, overall analysis of all tested environments. For the separation of means DMS at 0.05 was applied. Negro Papaloapan yielded 1 753 kg ha-1 in rainfed and, 1 333 kg ha-1 with residual moisture; both average yields were statistically higher than the other genotypes. The incidence of anthracnose (r= -0516*) in the first condition and, angular leaf spot (r= -0528*) in the second one, significantly reducing its yield. Negro Papaloapan was the most productive in both conditions, and showed resistance to common mosaic, angular leaf spot and, anthracnose tolerance.
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