Effect of fertilization doses with fertigation and conservation tillage in bean yield and soil properties

Abstract

Through fertigation and conservation tillage can improve soil properties and produce high yields of bean. In the Experimental Field San Luis of INIFAP, from 2007 to 2009 research works were established by combining fertilization doses with fertigation and conservation tillage. The objectives were: i) determine the effect of different doses of nitrogen and potassium with fertigation and conservation tillage in bean yield and soil properties; ii) determine the effect of high population densities on bean yield and iii) determine the effect of fertigation against gravity irrigation with fertilizer application to the soil. We evaluated three levels of nitrogen, applied with the fertigation technique: 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 and two for potassium: 50 and 100 kg ha-1. Land preparation was done with the conservation tillage system (multiple plow and harrow) and added a control plot with gravity irrigation and traditional tillage fallow plus harrow. It was used the May f lower M-38variety. The experimental design was a randomized block with four replications. During the development of the crop, plants were sampled to determine the concentration of nutrients in plant tissue and generate extraction curves NPK. Soil samplings were made to determine the percentage of organic matter and microbial biomass. Through fertigation and conservation tillage yields were achieved which exceeded 100% over the yield obtained with gravity irrigation and conventional tillage. Economically the treatmet100-100-50 had the best cost / benefit relation that higher doses without affecting yield.