Changes in yield and its components in bean under irrigation and drought
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v10i2.1607Keywords:
Phaseolus vulgaris L., biomass, humidity level, physiological maturityAbstract
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is affected by drought, which when occurring during the reproductive stage can significantly affect its morphological and physiological components. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability in seed yield and its components and phenology of the plant in thermal weather (°Cd) in varieties of beans ‘Flor de Mayo’ and black beans of southern Veracruz, in irrigation and drought under a plastic cover, at the Postgraduate College, Campus Montecillo in spring-summer 2014. In irrigation, the varieties FM M38, FM Sol and FM RMC stood out for presenting higher seed yield (RS), aerial biomass (BMA), harvest index (IC), day to flowering degrees (GDF) and day degrees to physiological maturity (GDMF), while in drought, FM M38 and FM Sol had high values in RS, BMA, GDF and GDMF. Drought decreased RS (42.1%), BMA (31.7%), IC (13.4%), number of pods per plant (VP, 36.5%), seeds per plant (SP, 43.9%), seeds per pod (SV; 10.3%) and individual seed weight (PIS, 16.2%) with respect to irrigation. The RS of the varieties ‘Flor de Mayo’ and black beans, under irrigated conditions, was positively and significantly related to the BMA, the IC and the PIS. Under drought, RS was positively and significantly related to BMA and IC.
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