EVALUACIÓN DE TRAMPAS DE COLORES PARA TRIPS DEL MANGO ATAULFO EN EL SOCONUSCO, CHIAPAS* EVALUATION OF COLOR TRAPS FOR THE MANGO ATAULFO THRIPS IN THE SOCONUSCO, CHIAPAS

En el Soconusco, Chiapas, México, se cultivan alrededor de 18 300 ha de mango cv. Ataulfo; sin embargo, el rendimiento es de 5.8 t ha-1 (Lee Rodríguez et al., 2006) atribuido a varios factores limitantes, entre ellos se encuentran las enfermedades y las plagas, de éstas últimas sobresale la mosca de la fruta, principalmente Anastrepha ludens (Loew) y desde hace varios años se ha reportado la presencia de grandes poblaciones de trips (Virgen et al., 1996).

In Soconusco, Chiapas, Mexico, about 18 300 ha of mango cv. Ataulfo are cultivated; however the yield is 5.8 t ha -1 (Lee Rodríguez et al., 2006) attributed to several limiting factors, these include diseases and pests, such as the fruit fly, mainly Anastrepha ludens (Loew) and for several years it have been reported the presence of large populations of thrips (Virgen et al., 1996). Esquinca et al. (2004), reported that inflorescence with populations greater than 1 500 thrips, have low fruit set. The producers' way to attempt to control these insects has been using pesticides, and it has not been successful. For these reasons, in this paper color traps were evaluated, to know what color attracts more thrips in mango cultivation, in order to have a tool that allows monitoring these insects' populations.
This research was conducted in two representative orchards of the region: "Rancho Cazanares" of 100 ha, located at km 24 of the road to Puerto Madero, in Tapachula, Chiapas and "Rancho Palma de Oro" of 50 ha, located at km 2 on the road to Jaritas, in Tapachula, Chiapas. The traps consisted of 20 pieces of cardboard 20 * 20 cm, covered with luster paper on both sides and coated with glue (Stikem Seabright, ® Emery-Ville, California, USA), the evaluated luster paper colors were: violet, blue and yellow (Hoddle et al., 2002;Chu et al., 2006).
The traps were placed 3 m height, leaving a space between the bracts of inflorescences and the 20 cm trap. Five trees were used with three traps, one of each color, distributed in each tree for a week, after this period the traps were replaced by new ones recording the number of captured insects. Three repetitions were conducted between January and March 2007 in both orchards. The randomized block design was used; data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey range test (p≤ 0.05).
The results showed that thrips were more attracted to the violet color, both in Cazanares orchard (F= 33.87, GL= 2.42, p= 0.001) as well as Palma de Oro orchard (F= 56.19. GL= 2.42, p= 0.008) (Figure 1a, 1b), compared with yellow or blue. Yellow is preferred by several thrips species in ther crops

CONCLUSIONES
En base a nuestros resultados las trampas de color violeta podrían utilizarse para el monitoreo de las poblaciones de trips en el cultivo de mango cv. Ataulfo, y de esta manera se podría tener un mejor programa en las aplicaciones de plaguicidas.  (Peña et al., 1993;González-Hernández et al., 1999) other species are attracted to blue color (Chen et al., 2004) but violet color has not been reported. In several thrips species, using colored traps represents a tool to record populations' fluctuations, as in the case of Frankliella occidentalalis (Pergande) in various horticultural and ornamental crops (Johansen, 2000).

CONCLUSIONS
Based on our results, violet traps could be used for monitoring thrips populations in mango cv. Ataulfo cultivation, and thus could have a better program in pesticide applications. End of the English version